Biodiversity & sanjeet.biotech@gmail.com

Biodiversity

Sanjeet Kumar

sanjeet.biotech@gmail.com

BIODIVERSITY ASSESSMENT WITH sanjeet.biotech@gmail.com

SANJEET KUMAR

sanjeet.biotech@gmail.com

Life support plant species among aboriginals of Similipal Biosphere Reserve forest, Odisha: Diversity and Conservation

International Journal of Biological Sciences and Engineering
06(02): 80-86.

Sanjeet Kumar

sanjeet.biotech@gmail.com

Abstract

Similipal Biosphere Reserve (SBR) is only Biosphere Reserve of Odisha situated in Mayurbhanj district. Government of India declared Similipal as Biosphere Reserve of the country in 1994. UNESCO (United Nations Educational, Scientific and Cultural Organisation) added to its list of Biosphere Reserves in May 2009. SBR is a pivot of many aboriginals and PTGs (Primitive tribal groups) of the district. Since long, they have been using many wild plants as a food and medicine for their daily food requirements and primary health care. These plants are wild edible tuber crops, fruits, vegetables, flowers, leaves and other plant parts. These wild edible plant species play an imperative role during famine, critical time and off agricultural seasons, so they are known as Life Support Plant Species (LSPS) for aboriginals in SBR. Therefore, an attempt has been taken to explore these LSPS and their traditional knowledge. Present work also highlights the diversity of these LSPS, and role in sustainable development of aboriginals in SBR.

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Most Common Bryophytes found in Mining areas of Odisha

Sanjeet Kumar 

sanjeet.biotech@gmail.com 

Bryophyte is a traditional name used to refer to all embroyophytes (land plants) that do not have true vascular tissue  and are therefore called "non-vascular plants". Some bryophytes do have specialized tissues for the transport of water; however, since these do not contain lignin, they are not considered to be true vascular tissue. Bryophytes produce enclosed reproductive structures, but they produce neither flowers  nor seeds , reproducing via spores. The term "bryophyte" comes from  Greek βρύον, bryon, "tree-moss, oyster-green" + φυτόν – phyton "plant".

Bryophytes are the oldest of all lineages of land plants and are believed to be a vital link in the migration of plants from aquatic environments onto land. A number of physical features link bryophytes to both land plants and aquatic plants. Two distinct adaptations have helped to make the move from water to land possible and forged the way for plants to colonize the Earth's terrestrial environments. A waxy cuticle covering the soft tissue of the plant provides protection and prevents desiccation of the plant's tissues; and the development of gametangia provided further protection specifically for gametes. They also have embryonic development which is a significant adaptation seen in land plants and not green algae. Connections to their aquatic ancestry are also evident through their dependence on water for reproduction and survival. A thin layer of water is required on the surface of the plant to enable the movement of sperm between gametophytes and the fertilization of an egg. Keeping these importance characters, I did a survey under the NIT, Rourkela and found some unique bryophytes. These are following:

Scientific name	Family
Tergionia hypophylla	Targioniaceae
Riccia parthanokotensis	Ricciaceae
Targionia indica	Targioniaceae
Plagiochasma appendiculatum	Aytoniacea
Metzgeria hamata	Metzgeriaceae
Marchantia linearis	Marchantiaceae
Marchantia palmata	Marchantiaceae
Pellia epiphylla	Pelliaceae