Piperaceae

Sanjeet Kumar
Ravenshaw University
sanjeet.biotech@gmail.com



Piperaceae

The Piperaceae, also known as the pepper family. The group contains roughly 3,610 currently accepted species in five genera. Members of the Piperaceae may be small trees, shrubs or herbs.

Genera

Subfamily Verhuellioideae Samain & Wanke

Subfamily Zippelioideae Samain & Wanke

Subfamily Piperoideae Arnott
  • Piper Linnaeus 1753 (about 2000 species)
  • Peperomia Ruiz & Pavon 1794 (about 1600 species)

Major species in India

1.      Piper longum

2.      Piper peepuloides

3.      Piper chaba

4.      Piper betle

5.      Piper nigrum

6.      Piper attenuatum

7.      Peperomia reflexa

8.      Peperomia pellucid

Small trees, shrubs, or perennial or annual herbs , often rhizomatous, sometimes aromatic, glabrous, pubescent, or glandular-dotted, terrestrial or epiphytic. Stems simple or branched; vascular bundles in more than 1 ring or scattered. Leaves basal and/or cauline, alternate, opposite, or whorled, simple; stipules present, adnate to petiole; petioles usually present. Leaf blade: margins entire. Inflorescences terminal, opposite leaves, or axillary, spikes. Flowers bisexual; perianth absent, each flower subtended by peltate bract; stamens 2 - 6, hypogynous, anthers 2-locular; pistil 1, 1- or 3-4-carpellate; ovary 1-locular, superior; placentation basal; ovule 1; stigmas usually 3-4. Fruits drupelike. Seed 1; endosperm scanty; perisperm abundant; embryo minute.

Genera 15, species 2000 (2 genera, 9 species in the flora): primarily tropical and subtropical regions worldwide.

Lepianthes peltata (Linnaeus) Rafinesque, a soft-wooded shrub to ca. 2 m, included by some authors in Piper or Pothomorphe, has been collected as "growing wild" in Dade County, Florida (A. Herndon, pers. comm.). Lepianthes differs from Piper by its erect habit, by having axillary inflorescences, and by the spikes arranged in umbels.

No comments:

Post a Comment

Floral wealth of Mahanadi River