Medicinal Plants of India-12

Sanjeet
sanjeet.biotech@gmail.com

Medicinal and Aromatic plants form a numerically large group of economically important plants which provide basic raw materials for medicines, perfumes, flavors and cosmetics. These plants and their products not only serve as valuable source of income for small holders and entrepreneurs but also help the country to earn valuable foreign exchange by way of export. Medicinal plants are those plants which are rich in secondary -metabolites and arc potential source of drugs. These secondary metabolites includes alkoloids, glycosides, coumarins, flavonides, steroids etc.

1. India is one of the few countries where almost all the known medicinal plants can be cultivated in some part of the country or the other. Among various plants there is great demand in the country and abroad are as opium poppy, tropane alkaloid bearing plants, sapogenin bearing yams, senna, cinchona and ipecae.

2. The ancient Indian system of medicine is mainly plant based matesia medica making use of most of our native plants. It catres the needs of rural population of our country.   
                        
3. ISM (Indian System of Medicine) offers most appropriate or first line theorapy against many diseases like jaundice, asthama, diabetes etc.

4. India has about 2,000 species of medicinal plants and a vast geographical area with high production potential and varied agroclirnatical conditions. 

5. India is already a major exporter of medicinal plants. It is estimated that Rs, 86 crores worth of raw materials and drug from medicinal plants are exported from India

Indigofera argentea BURM.F.
Indigofera articulata GONAN
Indigofera aspalathoides VAHL. EX DC.
Indigofera astragalina DC.
Indigofera caerulea ROXB. Var. caerulea -
Indigofera cassioides ROTTL. EX DC.
Indigofera galegoides DC.
Indigofera gerardiana WALL.
Indigofera glabra L.
Indigofera glandulosa WILLD.
Indigofera hebepetala BENTH.
Indigofera heterantha WALL.
Indigofera linifolia RETZ
Indigofera linnaei ALI
Indigofera nil L.
Indigofera nummulariifolia (L.) LIVERA EX ALSTON
Indigofera oblongifolia FORSK.
Indigofera suffruticosa MILL.
Indigofera sumatrana GAERTN.
Indigofera tinctoria L.
Indigofera trifoliata L.
Indigofera trita L.F.
Indigofera uniflora HAM. EX ROXB.
Indoneesiella echioides (L.) SREEM.
Indoneesiella intermedia SREEM.
Intsia bijuga (Colebr.) O. Kuntze
Inula cappa DC.
Inula cuspidata C.B. CL.
Inula grandiflora WILLD.
Inula grantioides BOISS
Inula graveolens DESF
Inula helenium L.
Inula obtusifolia KERN.
Inula racemosa HOOK. F.
Inula royleana DC.
Iphigenia indica (L.) KUNTH
Ipomoea alba L.
Ipomoea aquatica FORSK.
Ipomoea asarifolia (DESR.) ROEM. & SCHULT.
Ipomoea batatas (L.) LAM.
Ipomoea burmanni CHOISY
Ipomoea cairica (L.) SW.
Ipomoea campanulata L.
Ipomoea carnea JACQ
Ipomoea coccinea L
Ipomoea dasysperma JACQ.
Ipomoea dissecta WILLD.
Ipomoea eriocarpa R. BR.
Ipomoea fastigiata (ROXB.) SWEET
Ipomoea glaberrima BOJ. EX HOOK.
Ipomoea hederifolia L.
Ipomoea illustris (CLARKE) PRAIN
Ipomoea involucrata BEAUV.
Ipomoea marginata (DESR.) VERDC.
Ipomoea mauritiana JACQ.
Ipomoea nil (L.) ROTH.
Ipomoea obscura KER.-GAWL.
Ipomoea pes-caprae (L,) R.BR.
Ipomoea pes-tigridis L.
Ipomoea purpurea (L.) ROTH.
Ipomoea quamoclit L.
Ipomoea sepiaria ROXB.
Ipomoea sindica STAPF.
Ipomoea staphylina R,BR.
Ipomoea tuberosa L.
Ipomoea turbinata LAG.
Ipomoea uniflora ROEM.
Ipomoea violacea L.
Ipomoea vitifolia SWEET.
Iris decora WALL.
Iris ensata THUNB.
Iris florentina KUNZE
Iris foetidissima L.
Iris germanica L.
Iris kashmiriana BAKER.
Iris kemaonesis D.DON EX ROYLE
Iris nepalensis D.DON
Iris songarica SCHRENK
Iris versicolor THUNB.
Isachne globosa KUNTZE
Ischaemum muticum L.
Ischaemum pilosum HACK.
Ischaemum rugosum SALISH.
Isopyrum acuminata ROXB.
Isopyrum anemonoides KAR. & KIR.
Isopyrum thalictroides L.
Itea chinensis HOOK. & ARN.
Ixora acuminata ROXB.
Ixora alba L.
Ixora arborea ROXB. EX J.E. SM.
Ixora brunnescens KURZ
Ixora coccinea L.
Ixora cuneifolia ROXB.
Ixora grandiflora Zoll. & Mor.
Ixora nigricans BR.
Ixora notoniana WALL.
Ixora pavetta ANDR. BOT. REPOS.
Ixora polyantha WIGHT
Ixora sub-sessilis WALL. EX G.DON
Ixora undulata ROXB.
Jacaranda acutifolia HUMB.
Jacobinia tinctoria HEMSL.
Jaeschkea gentianoides KURZ.
Jaeschkea oligosperma (GRISEB.) KNOBL.
Janakia arayalpathra JOSEPH & CHANDRASHEKARAN
Jasminum amplexicaule BUCH.-HAM. EX G.DON
Jasminum angustifolium VAHL
Jasminum arborescens ROXB.
Jasminum auriculatum VAHL
Jasminum azoricum L. Var. azoricum -
Jasminum bignoniaceum WALL. EX. G. DON
Jasminum calophyllum WALL.
Jasminum chrysanthemum ROXB.
Jasminum cuspidatum ROTTL.
Jasminum diversifolium KOBUSKI
Jasminum grandiflorum L.
Jasminum malabaricum WIGHT
Jasminum multiflorum (BURM.F.) ANDR.
Jasminum nervosum LOUR.
Jasminum officinale L.
Jasminum ritchiei CLARKE IN HOOK.F.
Jasminum rottlerianum WALL.
Jasminum sambac (L.) AIT.
Jasminum scandens VAHL.
Jasminum trichotomum HEYNE. EX ROTH.
Jateorhiza palmata (LAM.) MIERS
Jatropha curcas L.
Jatropha glandulifera ROXB.
Jatropha glandulosa VAHL
Jatropha gossypifolia L.
Jatropha multifida L.
Jatropha nana DALZ. & GIBS
Jatropha panduraefolia ANDR.
Joannesia princeps VELL.
Juglans regia L.
Juglans regia L. Var. kumaonia DC.
Juncellus inundatus CL.
Juncus inflexus L.
Juncus lampocarpus EHRH.
Juncus prismatocarpus R. BR.
Juniperus communis L.
Juniperus excelsa BIEB.
Juniperus indica BERTOL.
Juniperus polycarpos C. KOCH.
Juniperus recurva BUCH.-HAM. EX D. DON
Juniperus wallichiana HOOK.F. EX PARL.
Jurinea dolomiaea BOISS
Jurinea himalaica STEWART
Jussiaea tenella BURM. F.
Justicia adhatoda L.
Justicia beddomei (CL.) BENNET
Justicia betonica L.
Justicia bilvalvis L.
Justicia gendarussa BURM.
Justicia madurensis BURM.F.
Justicia picta ROXB.
Justicia procumbens L.
Justicia prostrata (CL.) GAMBLE.
Justicia quinqueangularis KOEN. EX. ROXB.
Justicia simplex DON
Justicia tranquebariensis L.F.
Justicia vasculosa WALL.
Kaempferia angustifolia ROSC.
Kaempferia galanga L.
Kaempferia rotunda L.
Kalanchoe integra (MEDIK.) KUNTZE.
Kalanchoe laciniata (L.) DC.
Kalanchoe pinnata (LAM.) PERS.
Kalanchoe rosea C.B. CLARKE
Kallstroemia pubescens (DON) DANDY
Kamettia caryophyllata (ROXB.) NICOL. & SURESH
Kandelia candel (L.) DRUCE
Kedrostis rostrata (ROTTL.) COGN.
Kickxia ramosissima (WALL.) JANCH.
Kigelia africana (LAMK.) BENTH.
Kingiodendron pinnatum (ROXB. EX DC.) HARMS
Kleinhovia hospita L.
Kleinia grandiflora (WALL. EX DC.) RANI
Knema angustifolia (ROXB.) WARB.
Knema attenuata (WALL.) WARB.
Knema erratica (HOOK.F. & TH.) SINCLAIR
Knema linifolia (ROXB.) WARB.
Knoxia corymbosa WILLD.
Knoxia roxburghii (SPRENG.) M.A. RAU
Knoxia sumatrensis (RETZ.) DC. Var. hookeriana BHATTACHARJEE & DEB
Kochia indica WGT.
Kochia scoparia (L.) SCHRAD.
Kochia sedoides SCHRAD NEUES.
Koelpinia linearis PALL.
Kokoona zeylanica THW.
Kopsia flavida BLUME.
Kopsia fruticosa A. DC.
Kurrimia bipartita M.LAWS.
Kydia calycina ROXB.
Kyllinga squamulata VAHL.
Lablab purpureus L.
Lactuca dissecta D.DON
Lactuca gracilis DC.
Lactuca heyneana D.C.
Lactuca indica L.
Lactuca orientalis (BOISS.) BOISS.
Lactuca remotiflora DC.
Lactuca runcinata DC
Lactuca sativa L.
Lactuca serriola L.
Lactuca tataraica C.A.REY
Lagascea mollis CAV.
Lagascea spinosissima COV.
Lagenandra ovata (L.) THW.
Lagenaria siceraria (MOLINA) STANDLEY
Lagerstroemia hirsuta (LAM.) WILLD.
Lagerstroemia indica L.
Lagerstroemia microcarpa W.
Lagerstroemia parviflora ROXB.
Lagerstroemia reginae PL.
Lagerstroemia speciosa (L.) PERS.
Laggera alata (D.DON) SCH.-BIP. EX OLIVE
Laggera aurita (WILD.) SCH.
Laggera crispata (VAHL) HEP. & WD.
Laggera pterodonta BENTH.
Lagotis cashmeriana (ROYLE) RUPR.
Lagotis glauca GAERTN.
Lallemantia royleana BENTH.
Lamarkia aurea MOENCH.
Laminaria saccharina LAM.
Lamium album DESF.
Lamium amplexicaule L.
Lamprachaenium microcephalum BENTH.
Lancea tibetica HK. F. & T.
Lannea coromandelica (HOUTT.) MERRILL
Lansium domesticum JACK.
Lantana camara L.
Lantana indica ROXB.
Laportea interrupta (L.) CHEW
Lasia aculeata LOUR.
Lasia heterophylla SCHOTT MELET
Lasia spinosa THW.
Lasianthus andamanicus HK.F.
Lasiurus hirsutus (FORSK.) BOISS.
Lastrea filix-mas L.
Lathraea squamaria L.
Lathyrus altaicus LED.
Lathyrus aphaca L.
Lathyrus inconspicuus L.
Lathyrus luteus BAKER.
Lathyrus odoratus L.
Lathyrus pratensis L.
Lathyrus sativus L.
Lathyrus sphaericus RETZ.
Launaea acaulis (ROXB.) BABCOCK EX KERR.
Launaea aspleniifolia HOOK.F.
Launaea capitata (SPRENG.) DANDY.
Launaea chondrilloides HOOK.
Launaea fallax (JAUB. & SPACH.) O. KUNTZE
Launaea glomerata HOOK.F.
Launaea nudicaulis HOOK.
Launaea pinnatifida CASS.
Launaea procumbens (ROXB.) RAMAYYA & RAJAGOPA
Launaea remotiflora (DC.) STEBBINS
Launaea resedifolia (LINN.) KUNTZE
Launaea sarmentosa (WILLD.) ALST.
Laurentia longiflora (L.) PETERMANN
Laurus cassia BURM.F.
Laurus nobilis L.
Lavandula bipinnata KUNTZE
Lavandula stoechas L.
Lavandula vera DC.
Lavatera kashmiriana CAMB.
Lawsonia inermis L.
Lechea verticillata WILLD.
Leea aequata L.
Leea alata EDGEW
Leea asiatica (L.) RIDSDALE
Leea bracteata CLARKE
Leea compactiflora KURZ.
Leea crispa V. ROYEN
Leea guineensis G. DON
Leea indica MERILL
Leea macrophylla ROXB. EX HORN.
Lemanea australis ATKINS.
Lemmaphyllum carnosum (J. SM.) PRESL.
Lemna obcordata BOJ.
Lemna perpusilla TORREY
Lens culinaris MEDIC.
Leonotis nepetaefolia R.BR.
Leontopodium jacotianum BEAUVERD
Leonurus cardiaca L.
Leonurus hamiltoniana WALL.
Leonurus incurva DON.
Leonurus japonicus HOUTT.
Source: National Medicinal Plants Board, India

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Floral wealth of Mahanadi River