Sanjeet
Terminalia bellerica (Gaertn.) Roxb.
Common name: Bahada
Botanical name: Terminalia bellerica
Family: Combrataceae
Vernacular name(s)
Hindi: Bahada
Sanskrit: Vibhitaka
Marathi: Behada
Distribution
It is found in deciduous forests throughout the greater part of India , but not in the arid regions, in areas of upper Gangetic Plain, Chota Nagpur, Bihar, Orissa, West Bengal, Chittagong , Konkan, Deccan, and most of the parts of South India .
Botany of Terminalia bellerica
Terminalia bellirica Roxb. is large tree, upto 40 m high. Leaves petiolate, broadly elliptic, clustered towards the end of branches. Flowers greenish yellow, in solitary, simple, axillary spikes. Fruits globular, 1.5 – 2.5 cm in diameter, obscurely 5- angled when dry.
Medicinal value(s)
The bark is mildly diuretic and is useful in anaemia and leucoderma. Fruits are anti-inflammatory, antihelmintic, expectorant and ophthalmic. Fruits are useful in cough, asthma, bronchitis, dropsy, dyspepsia and cardiac disorders. Ripe fruits used as astringent .Fruits are also useful in eye diseases and scorpion sting. The bark of Terminalia bellirica Roxb. is used as adulterant to bark of Terminalia arjuna. The fruits of Terminalia bellirica Roxb. Are reported to be used as substitute in tanning industry for Terminalia chebula Retz. Therefore, the present paper attempts to evaluate the physicochemical parameters, preliminary phytochemical screening and heavy metal analysis of the fruits of Terminalia bellirica Roxb. for identification of the drug in dry form and control the adulterants
Chemical compounds
The important chemical compounds are R-sitosterol, gallic acid, ethyle gallate, galloyl glucose, a new triterpene, the belleric acid and chebulagic acid have been isolated from fruits.
Common use(s)
· It is used in the popular Indian herbal Rasayana treatment “Triphala”.
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