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Showing posts from January, 2013

Chemosynthesis & chemotrophy

Sanjeet Kumar Without   it   there would   be   no life at   the   bottom   of the   sea Sergei Nikolaevich Vinogradskii   proposed a novel life process called Chemosynthesis Similar to Photosynthesis – but no light! Inorganic compounds are used for energy to make   sugars   Chemosynthetic Bacteria Hydrogen bacteria            Sulfur bacteria           Nitrogen bacteria           Iron bacteria -----Nice Work-----

Suspension culture & its significance as Biotechnological technique

Sanjeet Kumar Cell culture is the complex process by which cells are grown under controlled conditions. The term “cell culture” now refers to the culturing of cells derived from multi-cellular eukaryotes. There are two basic systems for growing cells in cultures, Adherent culture and Suspension culture. Suspension culture is a culture in which cells multiply while suspended in suitable medium. Callus tissue is an essential material in plant cell culture systems. When it is introduced into a liquid medium and agitated, the cells disperse throughout the liquid to form a cell suspension culture. Such cells are, in theory, totipotent and should also have a potential to synthesize any of the compounds normally associated with the intact plant. As new cells are formed they are dispersed into the liquid medium and become cluster and aggregates. Cells in suspension can exhibit much higher rates of cell division than do cells in callus culture. Cell suspension offers advantages when rapid c

Plants as a source of Antioxidants

Sanjeet Kumar Oxidation is a chemical reaction that produces free radicals such as hydroxyl radical, superoxide anion and reactive oxygen species (Hydrogen peroxide and Hypochlorous acid) in the cells. These radicals and ROS (Reactive oxygen species) start chain reactions such as lipid peroxidation or by oxidizing DNA or proteins and produce oxidative stress is thought to contribute to the development of a wide range of diseases including Alzeimer’s disease, Parkinson’s disease, diabetes, rheumatoid arthritis and neuron diseases. Also DNA damage creates mutation and Cancer. Antioxidants terminate these above chain reactions by removing free radicals intermediates and inhibit other oxidation reactions. These are widely used as ingredients in dietary supplements or as natural compounds. These are naturally found in plants. Plants are rich in secondary metabolites such as phenolic compounds, alkaloids and other bioactive compounds. These secondary metabolites possess antioxidants fo

Isolation and Characterization of Symbiotic Bacteria using molecular tools from selected wild legumes of Odisha

Sanjeet Kumar Isolation and Characterization of Symbiotic Bacteria using molecular tools from selected wild legumes of Odisha                                                                                              The nitrogen-fixing plants (Legumes) are key components of the natural succession. Legumes establish rhizobial and mycorrhizal symbioses and constitute a fundamental way of source for nitrogen input to the ecosystem. Inoculation with indigenous N 2 -fixing bacteria, not only enhanced the establishment of key plant species, but also increased soil fertility and quality (Requena et al., 2001). This dual symbiosis system enhance   soil nitrogen content and organic matters, hydrostable soil aggregates, and nitrogen transfer from N 2 -fixing to non-fixing species associated within the natural succession.   Nitrogen was known to be an essential nutrient for plant growth and development. Intensive farming practices that accomplish high yields need chemical ferti

Antimicrobial resistance

Sanjeet Kumar Antimicrobial resistance is resistance of a microorganism to an antimicrobial medicine to which it was previously sensitive. Resistant organisms (they include bacteria, viruses and some parasites) are able to withstand attack by antimicrobial medicines, such as antibiotics, antivirals, and antimalarials, so that standard treatments become ineffective and infections persist and may spread to others. It is a consequence of the use, particularly the misuse of antimicrobial medicines and develops when a microorganism mutates or acquires a resistance gene. Why is antimicrobial resistance a global concern? It kills Infections caused by resistant microorganisms often fail to respond to the standard treatment, resulting in prolonged illness and greater risk of death. It hampers the control of infectious diseases AMR reduces the effectiveness of treatment because patients remain infectious for longer, thus potentially spreading resistant microorganisms to others.

Madhuca indica L. : Local wine fruit of Odisha

Sanjeet Kumar Madhuca indica L. Common name: Mahula Botanical name: Madhuca indica L. Family: Sapotaceae Vernacular name(s)                                                              Hindi: Mahua                                                                           Bengoli: Mahwa                                                                   Telgu:   Ippa chettu                                                                    Distribution Widely distributed in India . Myanmar . Botany of Madhuca indica L. It is a large deciduous tree reaching 20 meters in height with a spreading crown. Large or moderate –sized tree; bark brown, nearly smooth; branchlets pubescent or tomentose. Leaves clustered near the ends of the branches, elliptic, elliptic-oblong or ovate. Flowers cream, fleshy. Calyx-lobes ovate. Corolla-tube ovoid. Stamens subsessile. Berry ovoid, tomentose. Seed ellipsoid. Medicinal value(s) The distilled juice of the flower

Validation of tribal claims through pharmacological studies of Helicteres isora L. leaf extracts: an Empirical Research and Review

This article is going to publish in International Journal of Drug Development & Research Available online http://www.ijddr.in Covered in Official Product of Elsevier, The Netherlands SJR Impact Value 0.13 & H index 2 ©2012 IJDDR Validation of tribal claims through pharmacological studies of Helicteres isora L. leaf extracts: an Empirical Research and Review Sanjeet Kumar 1* , Padan Kumar Jena 1 , Navyanita Patnaik 2 , Ashok Kumar Nayak 3 and Prakash Kumar Tripathy 1 1.       Department of Botany, Ravenshaw University-753003, Cuttack 2.       Department of Biotechnology, R.D. Women College- 751022, Bhubaneswar 3.       Biolab - 751009, Bhubaneswar Abstract : Helicteres isora L. commonly known as “Mudmudika” is an important familiar shrub among the populace of Odisha, having potential to cure diabetic, weakness in new-born baby, diarrhoea and scabies. The leaf extracts were analyzed for qualitative screening of bioactive compounds, micronutr

Medicinal Values of Tinospora cordifolia (Willd.) Hook.f.

Sanjeet Kumar Tinospora cordifolia (Willd.) Hook.f. Common name :Tihadi, Koiali Suta Botanical name : Tinospora cordifolia Family : Menispermaceae Vernacular name(s):                                       Hindi: Guduchi                                                       Tamil: Shindilakodi                                                Telgu: Tippaa tiga                                                   Bengali: Gulancha                                                  Marathi: Gulavela                                                    Distribution It is distributed throughout Odisha , India , Myanmar , Sri-Lanka , Bangladesh China . Botany of Tinospora cordifolia Woody climber; branchlets glabrous, often sending down slender, pendulous, fleshy roots. Leaves cordate, glabrous, margin entire, apex acuminate. Male flowers: clustered in the axils of minute bracts; pedicels filiform. Outer sepals ovate. Petals green, 6. Drupes red, globose to subgl